Ancient times: the rise of politics

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It was the period when the first families formed and society began to separate into classes on material principle. People had to defend their property, families, and themselves, that’s why they started building settlements in hard-to-reach areas – on the hills and other heights. Thus, in the I-st century B.C. there appeared a small settlement on the north-east side of one of the hills (today’s Kremlin hill). In the north and the east the settlement was protected by the high bank of the river and the river itself (which later will get the name of the town); in the west – by flank of the hill and channel of the river Bulak; and in the south – by woods and ravines.

Traces of stratification on material principle among people of ancient Kazan could be found in their clothes, embellishments, and types of burials. The decline of tribal system in the end of the I century A.D. was marked by plenty of bloody battles. Numerous treasure-troves of that period prove there already was aristocracy that acquired these treasures not amicably.